struct in C is like c# value-type

Before C++, java or c#, C offers the struct. This is a true-blue value type. When you put a struct type variable on the LHS, the entire struct instance with all the fields are cloned bitwise.

If one of the fields happens to be a pointer like a c_str, then the address inside the pointer field is copied.

Beside pbclone, you can also work with a pointer to struct -- a bit advanced.

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In C++, the struct is backward compatible with C -- pbclone by default.

C++ also added lots of features into the struct construct. It's essentially identical to the class except members are public by default.

Therefore, c++ class/struct instances follow value semantics (pbclone) by default

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In java, there's only class, no struct. Any class instance is pbref -- simple and clean. You never get bitwise copy with java class instances.
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In c#, the class behaves just like java classes. The struct behaves like C struct.